基于STM32的變電站煙霧識別系統設計
梁會軍1,龍剛成2,王龍1,鐘建偉1,廖紅華1,楊永超1
(1 湖北民族大學 智能科學與工程學院,湖北 恩施 445000;
2 湖北博今電氣有限公司,湖北 恩施 445000)
摘 要:變電站發生火災時,會嚴重威脅變電站人員、設備安全。分析了變電站火災監測需求,提出了一種基于 STM32 單片機的變電站煙霧識別系統。該系統的控制中心采用 STM32 單片機,機智云作為遠程終端,結合多傳感器、蜂鳴器、OLED 顯示屏等,可以采集變電站環境煙霧、溫度、濕度等數據,采集的數據經 STM32 單片機處理后,通過 WiFi 模塊上傳至機智云平臺或本地監控終端。當監測到可燃氣體濃度、溫度、濕度等數據超出預設安全范圍時,系統將同步觸發現場報警和云端預警。相比傳統單一煙霧報警裝置,該系統通過多傳感器融合與機智云平臺協同,便于及時發現和處理變電站內的火災風險,顯著提升了火災監測的維度和可靠性,保證了變電站的安全穩定運行。
關鍵詞: STM32 單片機;變電站;煙霧識別;火災監測;煙霧傳感器;溫濕度傳感器;云端預警
中圖分類號:TM63 ;TP212.9 文獻標識碼:A 文章編號:2097-6623(2026)02-0013-05
Design of Substation Smoke Recognition System Based on STM32
LIANG Hui-jun1, LONG Gang-cheng2, WANG Long1, ZHONG Jian-wei1, LIAO Hong-hua1, YANG Yong-chao1
(1 College of Intelligent Systems Science and Engineering, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China;
2 Hubei Bojin Electric Co., Ltd., Enshi 445000, China)
Abstract: Fires in substations pose a severe threat to the safety of personnel and equipment on site. This paper analyzes the requirements for fire monitoring in substations and proposes a substation smoke recognition system based on the STM32 microcontroller. The control core of the system is the STM32 microcontroller, with Gizwits cloud serving as the remote terminal. Combined with multi-sensors, buzzer, OLED screen and other components, the system can collect environmental data such as smoke concentration, temperature and humidity in the substation. After the collected data is processed by the STM32 microcontroller, it is uploaded to the Gizwits cloud platform or the local monitoring terminal via a WiFi module.When the monitored data such as flammable gas concentration, temperature and humidity exceed the preset safe ranges, the system will trigger onsite alarms and cloud pre-warnings simultaneously. Compared with traditional single smoke alarm devices, this system realizes the collaboration of multi-sensor fusion and the Gizwits cloud platform, which facilitates the timely detection and handling of fire risks in substations, significantly improves the dimensions and reliability of fire monitoring, and ensures the safe and stable operation of substations.
Key words: STM32 microcontroller; substation; smoke recognition; fire monitoring; smoke sensor; temperature and humidity sensor; cloud pre-warning
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