基于AES和RSA混合加密的可見光通信系統設計
劉西林，田芳，邱達，李港
(湖北民族大學 智能科學與工程學院，湖北 恩施 445000)
摘 要 ：針對可見光通信 (VLC) 在工業控制等物聯網應用中因開放信道特性導致的數據安全風險問 題，提出一種基于 STM32F103芯片的可見光通信系統，通過對稱加密算法 (AES) 對傳輸數據加密，非對稱加密算法 (RSA) 對AES密鑰加密，脈寬調制、頻移鍵控將數據調制成不同頻率的脈沖信號，經LED發送并由光電傳感器接收，最后實現解密操作。測試表明，通信距離與傳輸速率、誤碼率分別呈負相關與正相關，在 0.3 m視距鏈路中傳輸 20 KB數據，速率可達28 kbit/s，誤碼率為0.049%，系統動態功耗約325.75 mW。采用的混合加密算法密鑰生成及加解密耗時約 1.1 s，在明文與密鑰擾動下的雪崩效應為49.8%、49.7%，顯示出良好的抗密碼分析能力，同時算法有效融合了AES的高效率與RSA的安全優勢， 驗證了動態調制與混合加密在 VLC中的可行性，為智能工業傳感等場景提供了安全通信參考方案。
關鍵詞 ： 可見光通信 ；AES 算法 ；RSA 算法 ；脈寬調制 ；雪崩效應
中圖分類號 ：TN929.1 文獻標識碼 ：A 文章編號 ：1007-3175(2025)12-0029-07
Design of Visible Light Communication System Based on AES and RSA Hybrid Encryption
LIU Xi-lin, TIAN Fang, QIU Da, LI Gang
（College of Intelligent Systems Science and Engineering, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China）
Abstract: Aiming at the data security risks of visible light communication (VLC) in Internet of Things applications such as industrial control caused by the characteristics of open channels, a visible light communication system based on the STM32F103 chip is proposed. The system encrypts transmitted data using the symmetric encryption algorithm (AES), encrypts the AES key with an asymmetric encryption algorithm (RSA), modulates data into pulse signals of different frequencies through pulse width modulation and frequency shift keying, transmits them via LEDs, receives them with photoelectric sensors, and finally realizes decryption. Tests show that the communication distance is negatively correlated with the transmission rate and positively correlated with the bit error rate. When transmitting 20 KB of data in a 0.3 m line-of-sight link, the rate can reach 28 kbit/s with a bit error rate of 0.049%, and the dynamic power consumption of the system is approximately 325.75 mW. The key generation, encryption, and decryption time of the adopted hybrid encryption algorithm is about 1.1 s, and the avalanche effect under plaintext and key disturbance is 49.8% and 49.7% respectively, showing good resistance to cryptanalysis. Meanwhile, the algorithm effectively combines the high efficiency of AES and the security advantages of RSA, verifying the feasibility of dynamic modulation and hybrid encryption in VLC, and providing a secure communication reference scheme for scenarios such as intelligent industrial sensing.
Key words: visible light communication; AES algorithm; RSA algorithm; pulse width modulation; avalanche effect
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