基于三維點云的高壓電纜接頭外徑測量算法研究
許鵬程,梅云初,吳奕鍇,王建軍,李天嬌,鄭鈺川,高敬貝
(國網上海市電力公司培訓中心,上海 200438)
摘 要 :針對傳統二維圖像方法在高壓電纜接頭表面不規則及遮擋條件下存在精度不足的問題,提出一種基于三維點云的電纜接頭外徑參數提取算法,包括點云姿態歸一化、雙向切片局部區域構建、曲率加權關鍵點提取及對稱關鍵點配對外徑估計等步驟。在真實接頭點云數據集上進行實驗驗證,結果表 明:該方法在完整、遮擋及降采樣等不同工況下均表現出較好的魯棒性與精度,平均測量誤差為 0.40 mm, 處理效率隨數據量呈線性變化,能夠滿足工程應用對精度與效率的雙重要求。
關鍵詞 : 三維點云 ;高壓電纜 ;外徑測量 ;關鍵點提取 ;曲率加權
中圖分類號 :TM726.4 文獻標識碼 :A 文章編號 :1007-3175(2025)12-0053-05
Research on Outer Diameter Measurement Algorithm of High-Voltage Cable Joint Based on 3D Point Cloud
XU Peng-cheng, MEI Yun-chu, WU Yi-kai, WANG Jian-jun, LI Tian-jiao, ZHENG Yu-chuan, GAO Jing-bei
(Training Center of State Grid Shanghai Electric Power Company, Shanghai 200438, China)
Abstract: Aiming at the problem that the traditional 2D image method has insufficient accuracy under the irregular surface of high-voltage cable joints and occlusion conditions, an algorithm based on 3D point cloud for extracting the outer diameter parameters of cable joints is proposed, including the steps of point cloud pose normalization, two-way slice local area construction, curvature weighted key point extraction and symmetrical key point pairing outer diameter estimation. Experimental validation on real joint point cloud datasets demonstrates that this method exhibits robust performance and high accuracy under various conditions, including complete coverage, occlusion, and downsampling. The average measurement error is 0.40 mm, and processing efficiency scales linearly with data volume. This approach effectively meets the dual requirements of precision and efficiency demanded by engineering applications.
Key words: 3D point cloud; high-voltage cable; outer diameter measurement; key point extraction; curvature weighted
參考文獻
[1] 鄭維剛,趙振威,唐紅,等 . 基于三維激光點云的隧道電纜敷設質量參數自動檢測方法 [J]. 半導體光電, 2023,44(3):460-466.
[2] 賈鶴鳴,孟羽佳,邢致愷,等. 基于點云拼接的植物三維模型重建 [J]. 應用科技,2019,46(1):19-24.
[3] 郝鈺,潘建兵,鄧志祥,等 . 一種集成無線充電與激光雷達測距的電纜剝皮機器人及方法:202210002147[P]. 2022-05-17.
[4] 尹愈,陳誠,王靚,等 . 一種高壓電纜接頭主絕緣內部 缺陷3D重構系統及方法:202510393343[P].2025-07-04.
[5] 李俊鵬,黃俊波,賈永祥 . 基于激光雷達的電力巡線樹障檢測方法設計 [J]. 電子設計工程,2021, 29(22):59-63.
[6] 盛從兵,黃橋林 . 基于3D激光點云的輸電線提取及建模方法研究 [J]. 電工技術,2020(17):60-61.
[7] 李明磊,徐杰,王艷軍,等 . 基于無人機激光點云的架空輸電線路弧垂仿真方法 [J]. 微型電腦應用, 2024,40(8):146-149.
[8] 秦靜,王偉濱,鄒啟杰,等 . 基于激光雷達點云的3D目標檢測方法綜述 [J]. 計算機科學,2023,50(S1): 259-265.
[9] CHEN L, CHANG J, XU J, et al. Automatic measurement of inclination angle of utility poles using 2D image and 3D point cloud[J]. Applied Sciences, 2023, 13(3):1688.
[10] HE Y, LIU Z, GUO Y, et al.UAV based sensing and imaging technologies for power system detection, monitoring and inspection: Areview[J]. Nondestructive Testing and Evaluation,2025, 40:5681-5748.
[11] SHARIFISORAKI Z, DEY A, SELZLER R, et al. Monitoring critical infrastructure using 3d lidar point clouds[J].IEEE Access,2023,11: 314-336.